Carburetor



W. H. C. HIGGINS, JR

Dec. 1s, 1928. y 1,695,550

CARBURETOR 2 Filed April '7. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l V Fay l. U3 MZM/ jl/ jl jf IWI/672x507" Y zOTRGkg/S,

Dec. 18, 1928. 1,695,550

w. H. c. HIGGINS, JR

CARBURETOR Filed April 7, 1924 2 SheetseSheet 2 IRT/6722507".

Patented Dec. 18, 1928.

l- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

'WILLIAM H. C. HIGGlNS, JR., OF LA PORTE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR'TO ADVANCE- BUMELY COMPANY, OF LA PORTE, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA.

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Application led April 7,

This invention relates to a carburetor and particularly to a carburetor adapted for use other than that of suction .from the engine are provided for drawing fuel into the chamber of the carburetor. Other objects will appear from time to time throughout'the specification and claims.

My invention isillustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l is a plan View of the carburetor with lid removed;

Figure 2 is a vertical cross section on line 2*-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a vertical cross section on line 3 3 of Figure 2; l

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the casing and associated parts.

Like parts are designated by like characters throughout.

A is a carburetor casing formed with a mixture passage, liquid chambers and otherv features which will be described below. A1 is a fuel mixture passage provided preferably withal venturi A'2 and having located butterfly valve A3 adapted to within 1t a control the flow through the passage A1.

B is a fuel chamber comlnunicating by means of the duct B1 and the nozzle B2 with the interior of the mixing chamber A1. vIt

is adapted to be controlled by a needle valve B3 of any suitable t pe.

C is a fuel cham er similar to B, and it is connected similarly by a duct C1 to a nozzle C2 which is adapted to discharge fuel into the interior of the mixing chamber A1 and is adapted to be controlled by La needle valve-C1.

Located within each of the fuel chambers 4B and C is a pump, the pumps being idenktical in construction and the description of ene will sufice.

D is a cylinder fixed in the carburetor and positioned largely within the fuel chamber. Y' ounted within it for reciprocation is a hol- N 'plunger D1 which is ported at D2 and iinates at its upper end in an enlarged erally .extendin'g'flange D. About the nger D1 and bearing against the flange is a washer D1. About the langer and bearing against'the'washer an tending to p .G1 which has pivoted to its lower end acon- 1924'. serial No. 704,602.

hold the plunger in raised-.position is a helical spring D5.

Within the plunger D1 is a bore E provided with a restricted portion E1 intermediate its ends and having above said restricted portion a ball'E2. y

The interior of the hollow plunger D1 communicates with a supply lineF which in turn, preferably through a suction check valve F1 communicates with a supply line connection F2 which isl connectedrto any suitable fuel supply source.

Gr .'s a rocker shaft preferably Asquared at one end as at G1. It has fixed upon it a lever necting rod H, which has mounted at its outer end a follower H1 adapted to bear upon a cam H2 on the cam shaft H3y 'of the engine. About the connecting rod H is a helical spring Hl1 bearing against the carburetor housing at one end and at the other against the follower H1 tending to hold the follower in contact with the c am H1. Through the cam, follower, and connecting rod assembly the lever Gr2 is moved and the shaft G is rocked by it.' Fixed upon the shaft@ are. two leversv M, M1. Eachof them preferably has a generally spherical contact face M2.

The fuel chambers B and C as shown particularly` in Figure l terminate short of 'the right side of the carburetor housing, as shown in- Figures 1 and 3 particularly. To the right of the fuel chamber as shown in those views are overflow chambers J and K, each of them communicating through ra pipe J1 and K1 respectively with the main fuel "source, so that fuel coming into the overilow chambers will be conducted back to the .fuel source which may be any suitable tank Y or other storing device, On the carburetor. housing is a lid or cover L which is provided in its rear with an extending nose L1 adapted to be contacted by a spring L1. The spring acts to hold the cover in closed position and also to -hold it in the open position.

Although I have shown an operative de? vice, still it will be obvious that many v changes in size, shape and arrangement of parts may be made Without departing m'a-. terially from the spirit of my invention; and 105 l wish, therefore, that my showing be taken as in a sense diagrammatic.

The use and operation of my invention areas follows:

Wheny the carburetor is in operation it is,

of course, associated with an internal combustion engine, and it is connectedwith a source of fuel supply. Fuel is initially introduced into the fuel chambers of the carburetor and the engine is started. When the carburetor is put into operation the suction of the air as it passes through the carburetor into the engine is sufficient to draw the fuel from the fuel chambers of the carburetor into the mixing chamber there to be mixed and carried on into the en ine in the form of a combustible mixture. s the engine operates the pumps are operated through the connecting rod and lever assembly. The hollow pump cylinder of each pump is pressed downward, and as it does so pressure is created within that portion of the supply line between the ball valve in the hollow pump cylinder and the suction check valve, in the form here shown located just outside of the carburetor proper. This pressure is sullicient to unseat the ball and cause some discharge of the fuel in the fuel chamber. On the 'return stroke the hollow pump plunger' is raised by the spring-which surrounds it, suction is created, the ball is seated, and an additional amount of fuel is drawn past the suction check valve into the supply line between it and the ball valve.

This operation is repeated when the pump plunger is forced down again and further discharge of fuel into the fuel chamber takes place.- Thus the successive reciprocations of each ofthe pump plungers draw successive charges of fuel from the supply. past the suction check valve into the fuel chamber from which it may be drawn by means of the suction of the engine into the mixing chamber of the carburetor and so into the engine.

With each stroke of the pump a quantity of fuel greater than that which is necessary is drawn into the fuel chamber and some overflow takes'place. This overflow takes place from the fuel chamber proper into the overflow chamber in the carburetor casing. and this overflow of fuel flows thence back along the return line to the main tank or other supply source.

By this means a compact assembly vis provided both for feeding fuel to the carburetor and for carburetting the fuel for combustion. Since all the working parts of the pump,` and particularly the plunger are protected from dust, the wear on the parts'is considerably reduced. Since the pump parts work constantly in fuel, it is unnecessary to provide packing glands as the joint. between the pump plunger and pump cylinder is `at all times submerged. Thus a. liquid seal is provided which is sufficient to prevent undue leakage, even after considerable wear of the parts has then place.

'In some forms of the carburetor two different fuels may be used, in others a fuel and Water may be used. And in case water is used, the delivery checkvalve is located Thus only a very small quantity of water can be entrapped above this delivery check or ball valve, and if freezing takes place no harm will be done. Thus special drainage means need not be provided above the delivery ch'eck valve, and in cold weather when the engine is to be left standing, it is necessary only to drain the chambers B and C and the under side of the pump between them and the suction check valve.

The flattened portion at the end of the rocker shaft is provided so that a wrench or other tool may be used to rock this shaft to operate the pumps by hand and thus to prime them.

The spring H* is stronger than the spring D5 and thus if thepumps should freeze or stick for any other reason, no mechanical harm would be done as positive action of the cam and the connecting rod would simply impart motion to the parts up to and including the levers M, M1, but the plunger D1 would only be under the influence of the spring D5 which would not be sufficient to do any harm.

Looking at the device as shown particularly in Figure 3. if the plunger were stuck and the'eccentric H2 were pushing the follower H1 and other connecting parts of the pump, this action would simply result in separating or raising the lever M1 on the pump plunger. The plunger itself in that case would only be under the force of the spring D5 so as to raise it. If the cam shaft were on the return stroke the eccentric H2, would merely run away, and the follower H1 and the pump plunger would then beonly under theforce of the spring H. The spring H* thus tends to force the follower H1 out and through it the connecting rod H and so to move the lever G and the lever M1, and the spring H4 is not strong enough to move the parts to break them in case they are stuck either due to the freezing of the material about them or to sticking from any other cause.

I claim:

l. In a carburetor a plurality of fuel chambers in combination with fuel supplv means for supplying a different fuel to each chamber, pumps one for each fuel chamber adapted to force fuel into said fuel chambers, said pumps located within the carburetor part of the actuating means of such pumps being located. within the carburetor.

2. In combination with an internal combustion engine a carburetor having a lmixing chamber, a plurality of fuel chambers for receiving fuels of different character, means for introducing fuel from the fuel chambers to the mixingv chamber, means for conveying fuel to the fuel chambers from a supply source, including a conduit line, one for each fuel chamber. a pump in each of said fuel chambers, and an operating connection from said engine to said pump whereby said pump is driven and whereby fuel is drawn through lou llO

said'conduit lines by said pumps into said fuel chambers, and a separate overflow chamber forl each o f said fuel chambers and a conduit from each of said overfiow chambers back to the source of supply part of the actuating means of such pumps being located within the carburetor.

3. In a carburetor, a fuel holding chamber, fuel supply means and means for drawing fuel into said chamber, said means located within the carburetor, substantially all ofsaid means for drawin fuel into the' fuel chamber being located below the fuel level within saidchamber. and a portion of the actuating means lying within the carburetor.

4. In combinatlon 1n an internal combustion engine, a carburetor, a fuel holdingchamber in said carburetor, a fuel supply means, and a pump for drawing fuel vinto said fuel holding chamber, said pump located within said fuel holding chamber, said pump plunger being located substantially below the level of fuel Within said fuel chamber and a portion of the plunger actuating means being located within and beneath the chamber.

5. Ina carburetor, a fuel holding chamber, fuel supply means and means for drawing fuel into said fuel chamber, said means located within the carburetor, substantially all of said means for drawixi chamber being located be ow the fuel level Within said chamber, whereby a liquid seal is provided for said fuel drawing means and a portion of the lunger actuating means being located Within and beneath the chamber.

6. In a carburetor, a fuel holding chamber, fuel supply means and means for drawing fuel into said fuel chamber, said means located within the carburetor, in combination with a driving means adapted to operate said last mentioned means, and a yieldin linkage within said driving means adapte to take up motion to prevent injury ofA the parts when stuck, a portion of the driving means being located within said fuel chamber.

7. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a carburetor, a fuel holding chamber in said carburetor, a fuel supply means, and a ump for drawing fuel into said fuel-holding chamber, said pump located within said fuel holding chamber, said pump driven by said engine, and a yielding linkage between said pump and said engine adapted to take up movement to prevent breakage of parts when the same are stuck, a ortion of the drivin means being located within said fuel-cham r.

8. In combination in an internal combustion engine, a carburetor, a fuel holding chamber in said carburetor, a fuel supply .means, and a pump for drawing fuel into said fuel holding chamber, said pump located within said carburetor, said pump driven by fuel into the fuel spring adapted to actuate the plunger act-uating mechanism in the opposite direction, one of said springs being located within the fuel holding chamber.

9. In a carburetor, including in combinavtion a fuel holding chamberand a fuel supplying means, said supply means including a pump which is located in said holding chamber and substantially entirely beneath the ,level of the fuel in it and operating means for said pump including yielding linkage a part of said operating means being located Within tfhelfuel chamber and beneath the level of the 10. VIn a carburetor, a fuel holding chamber and supply means forsupplying fuel to it, including a pump located in the chamber and means for driving the pump including a pair of springs, one stronger than the other, one adapted to move the pump on the compression stroke, the other adapted to move it on the suction stroke and means for periodically placing the stronger spring under compression.

1l. In a carburetor, a fuel holding chamber and supply means for supplying fuel to it, includinv a pum located in the chamber and means for drivmg the pump including a pair of springs, one ,stronger than the other, one adapted to move the pump on Athe compression stroke, the other adapted to move it on the suction stroke and means for periodically placing-the stronger spring under compression, one of said springs being located within the fuel holding chamber and sub.- stantially below the level of the fuel in it.

12. Incombination with an internal combustion engine a carburetor including two fuel holding chambers and 'a fuel supply means for supplying different fuels to each chamber said supply means including pumps for each chamber said .pumps being located within it and substantiall entirely beneath the level of the fuel in salici7 chamber, and operating means for said pumps said. means including a pairof springs for each pump, one

WILLIAM H. C. HIGGINS, J n. 

